Python is een objectgeoriënteerde programmeertaal die kan worden gebruikt om eenvoudige tot complexe platformonafhankelijke applicaties te ontwikkelen. Het is in de jaren negentig ontworpen door Guido van Rossum, die destijds in Amsterdam voor het CWI werkte. Guido was als BDFL betrokken bij de ontwikkeling van Python. Hij heeft daarnaast voor Dropbox gewerkt, ging daarna met pensioen en toen dat niet echt beviel, ging hij aan de slag bij Microsoft. De derde zogenaamde maintenancerelease voor versie 3.13 is uitgekomen en hierin zijn zo'n 320 verbeteringen aangebracht.
New featuresTyping
- A new and improved interactive interpreter, based on PyPy's, featuring multi-line editing and color support, as well as colorized exception tracebacks.
- An experimental free-threaded build mode, which disables the Global Interpreter Lock, allowing threads to run more concurrently. The build mode is available as an experimental feature in the Windows and macOS installers as well.
- A preliminary, experimental JIT, providing the ground work for significant performance improvements.
- The
locals()builtin function (and its C equivalent) now has well-defined semantics when mutating the returned mapping, which allows debuggers to operate more consistently.- A modified version of mimalloc is now included, optional but enabled by default if supported by the platform, and required for the free-threaded build mode.
- Docstrings now have their leading indentation stripped, reducing memory use and the size of .pyc files. (Most tools handling docstrings already strip leading indentation.)
- The dbm module has a new dbm.sqlite3 backend that is used by default when creating new files.
- The minimum supported macOS version was changed from 10.9 to 10.13 (High Sierra). Older macOS versions will not be supported going forward.
- WASI is now a Tier 2 supported platform. Emscripten is no longer an officially supported platform (but Pyodide continues to support Emscripten).
- iOS is now a Tier 3 supported platform.
- Android is now a Tier 3 supported platform.
Removals and new deprecations
- Support for type defaults in type parameters.
- A new type narrowing annotation,
typing.TypeIs.- A new annotation for read-only items in TypeDicts.
- A new annotation for marking deprecations in the type system.
- PEP 594 (Removing dead batteries from the standard library) scheduled removals of many deprecated modules:
aifc,audioop,chunk,cgi,cgitb,crypt,imghdr,mailcap,msilib,nis,nntplib,ossaudiodev,pipes,sndhdr,spwd,sunau,telnetlib,uu,xdrlib,lib2to3.- Many other removals of deprecated classes, functions and methods in various standard library modules.
- C API removals and deprecations. (Some removals present in alpha 1 were reverted in alpha 2, as the removals were deemed too disruptive at this time.)
- New deprecations, most of which are scheduled for removal from Python 3.15 or 3.16.
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