Software-update: Wine 9.0

De finalrelease van Wine versie 9.0 is verschenen. Wine is een opensource-implementatie van de Windows-api en maakt het mogelijk om DOS- en Windows-programma's op Linux, FreeBSD, Solaris en macOS te draaien. Een grote groep ontwikkelaars draagt bij aan Wine en er is voor gekozen om elke twee weken een nieuwe zogeheten ontwikkelversie uit te brengen in plaats van te wachten tot er een aantal nieuwe functies klaar is. Een paar keer per jaar verschijnt er een stabiele uitgave. De database met applicaties die onder Wine werken, al dan niet met behulp van kleine aanpassingen, bevat op het moment van schrijven 29.246 titels. Hieronder is te vinden welke verbeteringen er in versie 9.0 zijn aangebracht:

WoW64

• All transitions from Windows to Unix code go through the NT syscall interface. This is a major milestone that marks the completion of the multi-year re-architecturing work to convert modules to PE format and introduce a proper boundary between the Windows and Unix worlds.
• All modules that call a Unix library contain WoW64 thunks to enable calling the 64-bit Unix library from 32-bit PE code. This means that it is possible to run 32-bit Windows applications on a purely 64-bit Unix installation. This is called the new WoW64 mode, as opposed to the old WoW64 mode where 32-bit applications run inside a 32-bit Unix process.
• The new WoW64 mode is not yet enabled by default. It can be enabled by passing the --enable-archs=i386,x86_64 option to configure. This is expected to work for most applications, but there are still some limitations, in particular:
  • Reduced OpenGL performance and lack of ARB_buffer_storage extension support.
• The new WoW64 mode finally allows 32-bit applications to run on recent macOS versions that removed support for 32-bit Unix processes.

Wayland driver

• There is an experimental Wayland graphics driver. It's still a work in progress, but already implements many features, such as basic window management, multiple monitors, high-DPI scaling, relative motion events, and Vulkan support.
• The Wayland driver is not yet enabled by default. It can be enabled through the HKCU\Software\Wine\Drivers registry key by running:

  wine reg.exe add HKCU\\Software\\Wine\\Drivers /v Graphics /d x11,wayland

  and then making sure that the DISPLAY environment variable is unset.

ARM64

• The completion of the PE/Unix separation means that it's possible to run existing Windows binaries on ARM64.
• The loader supports loading ARM64X and ARM64EC modules.
• The 32-bit x86 emulation interface is implemented. No emulation library is provided with Wine at this point, but an external library that exports the interface can be used, by specifying its name in the HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Wow64\x86 registry key. The FEX emulator implements this interface when built as PE.
• There is initial support for building Wine for the ARM64EC architecture, using an experimental LLVM toolchain. Once the toolchain is ready, this will be used to do a proper ARM64X build and enable 64-bit x86 emulation.

Graphics

• The PostScript driver is reimplemented to work from Windows-format spool files and avoid any direct calls from the Unix side.
• WinRT theming supports a dark theme option, with a corresponding toggle in WineCfg.
• The Vulkan driver supports up to version 1.3.272 of the Vulkan spec.
• A number of GdiPlus functions are optimized for better graphics performance.

Direct3D

• The multi-threaded command stream sleeps instead of spinning when not processing rendering commands. This lowers power consumption in programs which do not occupy the command stream's entire available bandwidth. Power consumption should be comparable to when the multi-threaded command stream is disabled.
• Direct3D 10 effects support many more instructions.
• Various optimizations have been made to core WineD3D and the Vulkan backend.
• The Vulkan renderer properly validates that required features are supported by the underlying device, and reports the corresponding Direct3D feature level to the application.
• D3DXFillTextureTX and D3DXFillCubeTextureTX are implemented.
• The legacy OpenGL ARB shader backend supports shadow sampling via ARB_fragment_program_shadow.
• The HLSL compiler supports matrix majority compilation flags.
• D3DXLoadMeshHierarchyFromX and related functions support user data loading via ID3DXLoadUserData.

Audio / Video

• The foundation of several of the DirectMusic modules is implemented. Many tests are added to validate the behavior of the dmime sequencer and the dmsynth MIDI synthesizer.
• DLS1 and DLS2 sound font loading is implemented, as well as SF2 format for compatibility with Linux standard MIDI sound fonts.
• MIDI playback is implemented in dmsynth, with the integration of the software synthesizer from the FluidSynth library, and using DirectSound for audio output.
• Doppler shift is supported in DirectSound.
• The Indeo IV50 Video for Windows decoder is implemented.

DirectShow

• The Windows Media Video (WMV) decoder DirectX Media Object (DMO) is implemented.
• The DirectShow Audio Capture filter is implemented.
• The DirectShow MPEG‑1 Stream Splitter filter supports video and system streams as well as audio streams.
• The DirectShow MPEG‑1 Video Decoder filter is implemented.

Input devices

• DirectInput action maps are implemented, improving compatibility with many old games that use this to map controller inputs to in-game actions.

Desktop integration

• URL/URI protocol associations are exported as URL handlers to the Linux desktop.
• Monitor information like name and model id are retrieved from the physical monitor's Extended Display Identification Data (EDID).
• In full-screen desktop mode, the desktop window can be closed through the "Exit desktop" entry in the Start menu.

Internationalization

• IME implementation is improved, with better support for native Windows IME implementations. Many tests are added to validate the expected behavior of these custom IMEs.
• Linux IME integration is improved, using over-the-spot or on-the-spot input styles whenever possible, and more accurate IME message sequences.
• Locale data is generated from the Unicode CLDR database version 44. The following additional locales are supported: bew-ID, blo-BJ, csw-CA, ie-EE, mic-CA, prg-PL, skr-PK, tyv-RU, vmw-MZ, xnr-IN, and za-CN.
• The user interface is translated to Georgian, bringing the total of full translations to 16 languages, with partial translations to another 31 languages.
• Unicode character tables are based on version 15.1.0 of the Unicode Standard.
• The timezone data is generated from the IANA timezone database version 2023c.
• Locales using a script name, like zh-Hans, are also supported on macOS.

Kernel

• The default Windows version for new prefixes is set to Windows 10.
• Address space layout randomization (ASLR) is supported for modern PE binaries, to avoid issues with address space conflicts. Note that the selected load addresses are not yet properly randomized.
• The Low Fragmentation Heap (LFH) is implemented for better memory allocation performance.
• The virtual memory allocator supports memory placeholders, to allow applications to reserve virtual space.
• The 64-bit loader and preloader are built as position-independent executables (PIE), to free up some of the 32-bit address space.
• Stack unwinding works correctly across NT syscalls and user callbacks.

Internet and networking

• All builtin MSHTML objects are proper Gecko cycle collector participants.
• Synchronous XMLHttpRequest mode is supported in MSHTML.
• WeakMap object is implemented in JScript.
• The Gecko engine is updated to version 2.47.4.
• Network interface change notifications are implemented.

Cryptography and security

• Smart cards are supported in the Winscard dll, using the Unix PCSClite library.
• Diffie-Hellman keys are supported in BCrypt.
• The Negotiate security package is implemented.

Mono / .NET

• The Mono engine is updated to version 8.1.0.

Builtin applications

• The Wine Debugger (winedbg) uses the Zydis library for more accurate x86 disassembly.
• WineCfg supports selecting old (pre-XP) Windows versions also in 64-bit prefixes, to enable using ancient applications with the new WoW64 mode.
• All graphical builtin applications report errors with a message box instead of printing messages on the console.
• The systeminfo application prints various data from the Windows Management Instrumentation database.
• The klist application lists Kerberos tickets.
• The taskkill application supports terminating child processes.
• The start application supports a /machine option to select the architecture to use when running hybrid x86/ARM executables.
• Most of the functionality of the tasklist application is implemented.
• The findstr application provides basic functionality.

Development tools

• The WineDump tool supports printing the contents of Windows registry files (REGF format), as well as printing data for both architectures in hybrid x86/ARM64 PE files.
• The composable, default_overload, deprecated, and protected attributes are supported in the IDL compiler.
• The libwine.so library is removed. It was no longer used, and deprecated since Wine 6.0. Winelib ELF applications that were built with Wine 5.0 or older will need a rebuild to run on Wine 9.0.

Bundled libraries

• The FluidSynth library version 2.3.3 is bundled and used for DirectMusic.
• The math library of Musl version 1.2.3 is bundled and used for the math functions of the C runtime.
• The Zydis library version is 4.0.0 is bundled and used for x86 disassembly support.
• Vkd3d is updated to the upstream release 1.10.
• Faudio is updated to the upstream release 23.12.
• LDAP is updated to the upstream release 2.5.16.
• LCMS2 is updated to the upstream release 2.15.
• LibMPG123 is updated to the upstream release 1.32.2.
• LibPng is updated to the upstream release 1.6.40.
• LibTiff is updated to the upstream release 4.6.0.
• LibXml2 is updated to the upstream release 2.11.5.
• LibXslt is updated to the upstream release 1.1.38.
• Zlib is updated to the upstream release 1.3.

External dependencies

• The Wayland client library, as well as the xkbcommon and xkbregistry libraries, are used when building the Wayland driver.
• The PCSClite library is used for smart card support. On macOS, the PCSC framework can be used as an alternative to PCSClite.
• For PE builds, a cross-compiler that supports .seh directives for exception handling is required on all platforms except i386.

Versienummer	Wine 9.0
Releasestatus	Final
Besturingssystemen	Linux, BSD, macOS, Solaris
Website	Wine HQ
Download	https://wiki.winehq.org/Download
Licentietype	GPL

Reacties (8)

[JBVisual]

Persoonlijk hoop ik nog altijd op een Windows uitgave van wine

Er zijn bepaalde oude games die ik alleen nog kan draaien op een Linux machine icm wine omdat Windows dit niet meer kan draaien. (Ik bedoel dan op een native en up-to-date OS)

[iDont]

Ah! Je bedoelt zeker https://reactos.org/

edit: voor geïnteresseerden, de relatie tussen ReactOS en WINE: https://reactos.org/wiki/WINE

[Reactie gewijzigd door iDont op 22 juli 2024 15:58]

[undutchable020]

Ik denk niet dat @JBVisual reactos bedoelt, maar dat hij Wine onder Windows kan installeren en zo oude applicaties die niet meer goed werken onder moderne windows op die manier kan gebruiken.

[JBVisual]

Dit is inderdaad wat ik bedoel :-)
Ik noemde in mijn voorbeeld games, maar ook software heeft er vaak last van.

Ik heb klanten in de elektrotechniek die echt heel specifieke software gebruiken voor controllerborden. Nu merken ze dat bepaalde controllers alleen met een hele oude versie van de software overweg kunnen, die dan weer niet draait op Windows 11.

[Verwijderd]

Nathan Baggs volgen op YouTube. Die man port soms voor de lol oude games die niet meer draaien, door wat assembly code aan te passen Heel tof om te zien hoe hij oude meuk nog aan de praat krijgt.

Maar bovenstaande is denk een kwestie van tijd, misschien dat het al kan met 't linux-subsystem. Ben benieuwd wanneer we 't gaan zien!

[vt220]

Ooit al eens naar dosbox gekeken?

[Magic Power]

The completion of the PE/Unix separation means that it's possible to run existing Windows binaries on ARM64.

Ik denk dat ik dit altijd verkeerd heb gelezen, maar wordt hiermee op ARM platforms bedoelt dat je Windows ARM binaries kunt draaien, of dat je Windows X86 binaries kunt draaien?

[CrazyJoe]

Klinkt alsof ze bedoelen x86/x64 Windows apps op ARM. Zeker gezien de regel verderop: "The 32-bit x86 emulation interface is implemented. No emulation library is provided with Wine at this point, but an external library that exports the interface can be used, by specifying its name in the HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Wow64\x86 registry key. "

Klinkt dus alsof er een extra emulator nodig is om het volledig werkend te krijgen, maar dat door de wijziging in hoe de Windows calls nu richting de Linux kant gaan, dit nu mogelijk geworden is.

Wat de performance is die hiermee behaald kan worden is natuurlijk afhankelijk van zowel de performance van de ARM processor als de capabilities van de emulator.

[Reactie gewijzigd door CrazyJoe op 22 juli 2024 15:58]